Chapter 1 History of software

history of software have 4 era

1st era - 1950-1960 Batch operation Limited distribution.Custom software.It use card.

2nd era - 1960-1970 Multiuser.Real-time.Database.Product software.It use transitor.

3rd era - 1970-1980 Distributed systemsEmbedded "intelligence"Low cost hardwareConsumer impactIt use IC.

4st era - 1980-current Powerful desk-top systems
Object-orient technologiesExpert
systemsArtifical neural networksParallel computingNetwork computer

Software charisteristic
1.Software is developed or engineered, it is not manufactored in the classical sense
2.Software doesn't wear out
3.Most software is custom-built, rather than being assembled from existing components

Software Applications
System Software - some system software (e.g., compliers, editors and file management ultilities)
Real-Time Software - A real-time system must respond within strict time constraints.
Business software
Engineering and Scientific Software
Embedded Software - Software orginize memory and fuel control system.
Personal Computer Software - word processing, CG, spreadsheets, multimedia, entertainment, database managements, personal and business financial applications, and external network or database access are only few of hundred of applications.
Artifical Intelligence software - Software make use of nonnumerical algorithms to solve complex problems that are not amenable to computation or straigthforward analysis.

Software crisis